Kingdom-protista-Euglena-Paramecium | uksir-notes | Diversity-Living-World4
Diversity in Living World 4
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| Protists |
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Kingdom : Protista
- term was coined by E Haeckel 1866
- Unicellular Eukaryotes
General character
- solitary or colonial
- Unicellular eukaryotes
- Aquatic mostly
- Uni, bi or multi nucleated
- cell wall may or may not present
- cytoplasm contain cell organelle
- cytoplasm show cytoplasmic streaming
- locomotion by Flagella or cilia or by pseudopodia
- mode of nutrition is saprophytic, parasitic , holozoic or photosynthetic
- reserve food is starch, fat, glycogen, paramylon, chryso laminarin etc
- sometime act as decomposer.
- mostly asexual reproduction occur (fission budding spore formation etc)
- sexual reproduction may occur.
Type of protists
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| protista |
Photosynthetic:
- commonly called as phytoplanktons- fond in lake and ocean
- responsible for 70% of total photosynthesis
Examples:
Peridinium, Nematidium, Noctiluca, Diatoms, Peranema, Petalomonas, Euglena etc
Slime Moulds
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| Slime-Moulds |
- show both animal and fungus nature
- do not contain chlorophyll
Example: Plasmodium,Tubifera, Dictydium, etc
Protozoans
- animal like protists- protozoa means 1st animal
- coined by Goldfuss 1817
- heterotrophic mode of nutrition
- mostly motile
- Example: Trypanosoma, Amoeba, Entamoeba etc
- most common Plasmodium vivax (Malaria Parasite)
- Paramecium ( caudatum)
Useful Activity
- Form food in ocean for trophic levels- help in purification of water
- some help in digestion of cellulose (Trichonympha)
Life History Study:
Euglena:
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| Euglena |
- Both plant and animal character
- have chlorophyll pigment
- can perform photosynthesis
- locomotion by flagella
- base contain para flagellar body
- stigma can be found
- reserve food - paramylum body
- mostly reproduce by Binary fission
- some time can perform holozoic mode
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| Euglena-microscopic |
Paramecium:
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| Paramecium |
- - cilliated protist
- discovered by Hill 1752
- contain 8 species. Most common caudatum.
- commonly called slipper animalcule
- contain two nuclei macro (all process) and
micro (reproduction).
- Two Contractile vacuoles – for osmo regulation.
- For Food in take- Mouth or Cytostome present with all
apparatus
- Feed on Microbes like- Bacteria, Yeasts etc.
- Some specialized particles found – Kappa Particle (Paramecium toxin), Pi Particle, Lamda
Particle etc.
- Paramecium- most commonly reproduce by
Binary Fission, Conjugation etc.
- Also reproduce by Sexual reproduction-
Autogamy (Self fertilization), Cytogamy (cytoplasm fusion) etc.
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